Estudio de patrones de lateralidad en futbolistas juveniles

El insuficiente estudio de los patrones de lateralidad en el deporte limita el diagnóstico del tipo de motricidad y obstaculiza notablemente los procesos de planificación del entrenamiento, desde las individualidades de los futbolistas, para buscar el rendimiento óptimo. El objetivo del estudio fue caracterizar los patrones de lateralidad predominantes en futbolistas masculinos del equipo Habana, categoría juvenil. Se desarrolló un estudio exploratorio y descriptivo que aplicó métodos de carácter teórico, empírico (entrevistas y encuestas), y estadístico-matemático (por medio de hojas de cálculo de Excel). Fueron aplicados seistest (Ojo director, Mano directora, Lateralidad de cadera, Lateralidad de hombro, Pierna dinámica y Pie director), con instrumentos internacionales contextualizados y avalados en investigaciones especializadas para su uso en Cuba. La heterogeneidad de la muestra mostró la tendencia genérica en el comportamiento preferencial de los futbolistas estudiados.

O estudo insuficiente dos padrões de lateralidade no esporte limita o diagnóstico do tipo de motricidade e dificulta significativamente os processos de planejamento do treinamento, a partir das individualidades dos jogadores de futebol, a fim de buscar um desempenho ideal. O objetivo do estudo foi caracterizar os padrões predominantes de lateralidade em jogadores de futebol masculino da equipe Habana, categoria juvenil. Foi realizado um estudo exploratório e descritivo com métodos teóricos, empíricos (entrevistas e pesquisas) e estatístico-matemáticos (por meio de planilhas do Excel). Foram aplicados seis testes (Olho Direcionado, Mão Direcionada, Lateralidade do Quadril, Lateralidade do Ombro, Perna Dinâmica e Pé Direcionado), com instrumentos internacionais contextualizados e aprovados em pesquisas especializadas para uso em Cuba. A heterogeneidade da amostra mostrou a tendência genérica no comportamento preferencial dos jogadores de futebol estudados.

The insufficient study of laterality patterns in sport limits the diagnosis of the type of motor skills and significantly hinders the training planning processes, from the individualities of the soccer players, to seek optimal performance. The objective of the study was to characterize the predominant laterality patterns in male soccer players of the Havana team, youth category. An exploratory and descriptive study was developed that applied theoretical, empirical (interviews and surveys), and statistical-mathematical methods (using Excel spreadsheets). Six tests were applied (Directing eye, Directing hand, Laterality of the hip, Laterality of the shoulder, Dynamic leg and Directing foot), with contextualized international instruments and endorsed by specialized research for their use in Cuba. The heterogeneity of the sample showed the generic trend in the preferential behavior of the soccer players studied.

Futuros cirurgiões-dentistas canhotos graduandos da Universidade Federal de Uberlândia: perfil, dificuldades e dores osteomusculares / Future left-handed dentists graduating from the Federal University of Uberlândia: profile, difficulties and musculoskeletal pain

Os indivíduos canhotos necessitam de utensílios para concretização de suas atividades diárias, bem como, para o exercício da prática odontológica onde a escassez de equipamentos específicos pode refletir em desgaste corporal, com isso, o presente trabalho tem por objetivo identificar os estudantes canhotos do curso de Odontologia da Universidade Federal de Uberlândia além de identificar suas dificuldades, queixas e locais de dores osteomusculares nas atividades laboratoriais e clínicas. Métodos: Foram incluídos todos os alunos canhotos matriculados no ano de 2021. Foram aplicados questionários on line para coletar os dados dos alunos. Resultados: Foram tabulados e como resultados, encontrou-se que os canhotos representam 5,6% do total de alunos do curso de Odontologia, a maioria são mulheres (66,7%), com média de idade de 21 anos. O segundo período foi o que apresentou maior número de canhotos (25%). As atividades práticas do curso, estas foram cursadas por 91,7% dos entrevistados, que relataram com maior frequência usar a mão esquerda (62,5%), sentar na posição de 1 hora (20,8%) e ter maior dificuldade ao tratar o quadrante superior direito (45,8%). Os locais mais citados de dores osteomusculares após realizar essas atividades, foram: punhos e mãos (62,5%), parte inferior das costas (62,5%) e pescoço (58,3%). Conclusão: Os canhotos representam a minoria dos alunos e suas dificuldades são, a falta de estrutura física adequada e a incompreensão das pessoas ao redor. Em relação a queixa de dor ou desconforto, mãos, punhos, parte inferior das costas e pescoço foram os membros mais citados no estudo(AU)

Left-handed individuals need tools to carry out their daily activities, as well as for the exercise of dental practice where the scarcity of specific equipment can reflect on body wear, with this, the present work aims to identify left-handed students of the course of Dentistry at the Federal University of Uberlândia, in addition to identifying their difficulties, complaints and sites of musculoskeletal pain in laboratory and clinical activities. Methods: All left-handed students enrolled in the year 2021 were included, and three questionnaires were applied online to identify the profile of students and the difficulties encountered in laboratory and clinical practice. Results: They were tabulated and as a result, it was found that left-handers represent 5.6% of the total number of students in the Dentistry course, most of them are women (66.7%), with a mean age of 21 years. The second period was the one with the highest number of left-handers (25%). The practical activities of the course were carried out by 91.7% of the interviewees, who reported more frequently using their left hand (62.5%), sitting in the 1 o'clock position (20.8%) and having greater difficulty when treat the upper right quadrant (45.8%). The most cited sites of musculoskeletal pain after performing these activities were: wrists and hands (62.5%), lower back (62.5%) and neck (58.3%). Conclusion: Lefthanded people represent the minority of students, and their difficulties are the lack of adequate physical structure and the misunderstanding of the people around them. In relation to complaints of pain or discomfort, hands, wrists, lower back and neck were the most cited members in the study(AU)

Sistematización de estudios sobre la utilidad de la lateralidad en los deportes de combate

El proyecto "Estudio de patrones de lateralidad de atletas elites de Cuba" tiene como objetivo el diagnóstico, la caracterización y la valoración de los patrones de lateralidad de atletas activos y retirados con altos resultados deportivos, pero hasta el momento se adolece de una profundización en la utilidad que puede tener la lateralidad en la preparación técnico-táctica en los deportes de combate, por lo que el objetivo de este artículo fue sistematizar las principales investigaciones relacionadas con la utilización de la lateralidad en estos deportes. Para ello, se emplearon los métodos inductivo-deductivo, análisis-síntesis y revisión bibliográfica con el fin de determinar los antecedentes e interpretar las principales investigaciones referentes sobre esta temática. Se concluyó que entre los principales aspectos abordados estuvieron: las ventajas competitivas de los deportistas zurdos, el volumen técnico que se realizó en competiciones, la caracterización del deportista de acuerdo a sus preferencias laterales y cómo estas influyen en el rendimiento deportivo. Sin embargo, no se apreció estudio alguno referido a la utilización de los patrones de la lateralidad en la preparación técnico-táctica en los deportes de combate, lo que devino en carencia, para el estudio de estas disciplinas deportivas.

O projeto "Estudo dos padrões de lateralidade de atletas de elite em Cuba" tem como objetivo diagnosticar, caracterizar e avaliar os padrões de lateralidade de atletas ativos e aposentados com altos resultados esportivos, mas até agora não houve um estudo aprofundado da utilidade que a lateralidade pode ter na preparação técnico-táctica em esportes de combate, portanto o objetivo deste artigo foi sistematizar as principais pesquisas relacionadas com o uso da lateralidade nestes esportes. Para este fim, foram utilizados os métodos indutivo-deducativo, análise-síntese e revisão bibliográfica a fim de determinar os antecedentes e interpretar as principais pesquisas sobre este assunto. Concluiu-se que entre os principais aspectos abordados estavam: as vantagens competitivas dos atletas canhotos, o volume técnico realizado nas competições, a caracterização do atleta de acordo com suas preferências laterais e como estas influenciam o desempenho esportivo. Entretanto, não foi encontrado nenhum estudo sobre o uso de padrões de lateralidade na preparação técnico-táctica em esportes de combate, o que resultou em uma falta de estudo destas disciplinas esportivas.

The project "Study of laterality patterns of elite athletes in Cuba" has as its objective the diagnosis, characterization and assessment of laterality patterns of active and retired athletes with high sports results, but so far it lacks a deepening in the usefulness that laterality can have in the technical-tactical preparation in combat sports, so the objective of this article was to systematize the main researches related to the use of laterality in these sports. For this, the inductive-deductive, analysis-synthesis and bibliographic review methods were used in order to determine the background and interpret the main reference research on this subject. It was concluded that among the main aspects addressed were: the competitive advantages of left-handed athletes, the technical volume that was carried out in competitions, the characterization of the athlete according to their lateral preferences and how they influence sports performance. However, no study was observed regarding the use of laterality patterns in technical-tactical preparation in combat sports, which became a lack, for the study of these sports disciplines.

Difficulties of dental practice among left-handed Tunisian students: a cross-sectional survey

Abstract In dentistry, most equipment is designed for right-handed (RH) individuals. Thus, left-handed (LH) individuals are often forced to adapt to demanding RH working conditions, and therefore, experience difficulties in their practice. The objective of this study was to determine the prevalence of left handedness among dental students at the Dental Clinic of Monastir, Tunisia, and to investigate the difficulties for LH individuals during clinical practice. A cross-sectional study was conducted among dental students during the academic year from September 2019 to March 2020. An adaptation of the Grad-Corllet Diagram and a specific questionnaire on clinical practices were administered to 221 participants. Data were analyzed using SPSS 24.0 statistical software for descriptive statistics and the chi-square test was performed (with a 5% significance level). The study revealed that 18.1% of dental students were LH. Among which, 82.5% of LH students had difficulties using instruments designed for RH dentists, 47.5% of LH students preferred the 3 o'clock working position, and 77.5% of LH students preferred to work in a sitting position. Most LH students (70%) reported that endodontic treatment was the most difficult procedure to perform. All students, whether RH or LH, presented a higher percentage of pain in the lumbar and neck/cervical regions; however, LH students presented higher values (77.5%) with statistically significant differences being reported for lower back pain (p = 0.026) and neck pain (p = 0.012). This study highlights the difficulties that LH dental students face in performing dental work. Dental Schools should provide LH students with appropriate equipment and a proper learning environment.

Análise de indicadores antropométricos em indivíduos com e sem síndrome de Down / Analysis of anthropometric indicators in individuals with and without Down syndrome

Objetivo: este estudo buscou averiguar a possível discrepância bilateral de indicadores antropométricos de pessoas com e sem síndrome de Down (SD). Material e Método: para tal, contou-se com a participação de 60 indivíduos com e sem síndrome de Down, com idades entre 11 e 14 anos, que foram avaliados quanto à dominância lateral, dobras cutâneas, percentual de gordura, circunferência muscular de braço e antebraço e força de preensão palmar. Principais resultados: notou-se maior número de indivíduos sinistros e com indefinição na lateralidade no grupo com síndrome de Down do que nas pessoas com desenvolvimento típico. Os valores da percentagem de gordura, das medidas de dobra cutânea, da circunferência muscular do braço e da circunferência de antebraço foram maiores entre os participantes com síndrome de Down do que entre os do grupo controle. A força de preensão palmar foi maior nos indivíduos típicos. Não houve diferença na composição corporal bilateral dos indivíduos com síndrome de Down. Conclusão: os resultados encontrados demonstraram a existência de uma simetria bilateral nos indivíduos com e sem síndrome de Down.

Objective: this study sought to investigate the possible discrepancy in the bilateral anthropometric indicators of people with and without Down syndrome (DS). Material and Method: 60 individuals with and without Down syndrome, aged between 11 and 14 years, who were evaluated for lateral dominance, skinfolds, fat percentage, arm and forearm muscle circumference, and hand grip strength. Main results: there were a greater number of sinister individuals with a vagueness in laterality in the group with Down syndrome than in people with typical development. The percentage of fat, skinfold measurements, arm muscle circumference and forearm circumference were higher among participants with Down syndrome than those in the control group. Hand grip strength was greater in typical individuals. There was no difference in the bilateral body composition of individuals with Down syndrome. Conclusion: the results found demonstrated the existence of a bilateral symmetry in individuals with and without Down syndrome.

Importancia de la lateralidad en el desarrollo del dribling en la iniciación al baloncesto

La lateralización, al ser la preferencia motriz de un lado del cuerpo sobre el otro, tiene aplicaciones prácticas en los deportes, pues el control y potenciación del lado diestro y no diestro requieren de análisis previos y de estrategias específicas de desarrollo. En tal sentido, y como primer paso de la investigación, se propone como objetivo validar teóricamente a través de especialistas nacionales e internacionales una propuesta de indicadores de lateralidad a tener en cuenta en el entrenamiento del dribling del baloncesto de iniciación. La investigación es teórica-descriptiva, de orden correlacional y análisis cualitativo, estudiando los criterios teóricos emitidos por 13 especialistas nacionales de baloncesto (Grupo 1) y diez especialistas extranjeros (Grupo 2). De los nueve indicadores analizados, en seis existieron diferencias significativas en los criterios emitidos por cada grupo independiente (LV: p=0.000; LH: p=0.000; LC: p=0.002; Pdi: p=0.000; PE: p=0.000 y ME: p=0.001), con excepción de la mano dinámica (Mdi: p=0.648), mano director (MD: p=0.738) y el indicador mano no director (MnD: p=0.605). Todos los rangos promedios emitidos por los especialistas internacionales fueron mayores que en los especialistas nacionales, indicativo de que los primeros consideran de mayor importancia el entrenamiento de diversos indicadores de lateralidad en el dribling del baloncesto de iniciación. En tal sentido, se recomienda realizar un trabajo metodológico con los especialistas nacionales en función de mejorar la comprensión sobre la importancia del entrenamiento de la lateralidad en todas sus manifestaciones, especificando aspectos relacionados con el entrenamiento técnico y técnico-táctico, incluyendo el dribling como técnica fundamental.

A lateralizarão, sendo a preferência motora de um lado do corpo sobre o outro, tem aplicações práticas no esporte, já que o controle e a capacitação do lado direito e do lado não direito exigem análise prévia e estratégias específicas de desenvolvimento. Neste sentido, e como primeiro passo da pesquisa, propõe-se como objetivo validar teoricamente através de especialistas nacionais e internacionais uma proposta de indicadores de lateralidade para levar em conta no treinamento de drible no basquetebol introdutório. A pesquisa é descritiva teórica, de ordem correlacional e análise qualitativa, estudando os critérios teóricos emitidos por 13 especialistas nacionais em basquetebol (Grupo 1) e dez especialistas estrangeiros (Grupo 2). Dos nove indicadores analisados, em 6 houve diferenças significativas nos critérios emitidos por cada grupo independente (LV: p=0,000; LH: p=0,000; LC: p=0,002; Pdi: p=0,000; PE: p=0,000 e ME: p=0,001), com exceção da Mão Dinâmica (Mdi: p=0,648), mão direcionadora (MD: p=0,738) e do indicador de mão não direcionadora (MnD: p=0,605). Todas as faixas médias emitidas pelos especialistas internacionais foram superiores às dos especialistas nacionais, indicando que os primeiros consideram de maior importância o treinamento de vários indicadores de lateralidade no drible no basquetebol introdutório. Neste sentido, recomenda-se realizar um trabalho metodológico com especialistas nacionais a fim de melhorar a compreensão da importância do treinamento da lateralidade em todas as suas manifestações, especificando aspectos relacionados ao treinamento técnico e técnico-táctico, incluindo o drible como técnica fundamental.

Lateralization, being the motor preference of one side of the body over the other, has practical applications in sports, since the control and empowerment of the right-handed and non-right-handed side require previous analysis and specific development strategies. In this sense, and as a first step of the research, it is proposed as an objective to validate theoretically through national and international specialists a proposal of laterality indicators to be taken into account in the training of dribbling in initiation basketball. The research is theoretical-descriptive, of correlational order and qualitative analysis, studying the theoretical criteria issued by 13 national basketball specialists (Group 1) and ten foreign specialists (Group 2). Of the nine indicators analyzed, in 6 there were significant differences in the criteria issued by each independent group (LV: p=0.000; LH: p=0.000; LC: p=0.002; Pdi: p=0.000; PE: p=0.000 and ME: p=0.001), with the exception of the Dynamic Hand (Mdi: p=0.648), director hand (MD: p=0.738) and the non-director hand indicator (MnD: p=0.605). All the average ranges issued by the international specialists were higher than in the national specialists, indicating that the former consider of greater importance the training of various indicators of laterality in the dribbling of initiation basketball. In this sense, it is recommended to carry out methodological work with national specialists in order to improve the understanding of the importance of laterality training in all its manifestations, specifying aspects related to technical and technical-tactical training, including dribbling as a fundamental technique.

Effectiveness of the Semi-Adjustable Articulator Compared to Clinical Examination

ABSTRACT: This work aims to verify the effectiveness of the semi-adjustable articulator (SAA) when compared to a clinical examination of samples in individuals comparing the number of occlusal interferences. The research was carried out at FAESA (Integrated University of São Pedro), in which two independent researchers compared occlusal interferences in protrusion and laterality movements in the clinical examination and in models mounted on a semi-adjustable articulator, with carbon from Baush, in 77 patients who attended to the graduation clinic. Data were tabulated and evaluated by the Mann- Whitney statistical test and data normality was verified by the Kolmogorov-Smirnov test. When analyzing the interference of protrusion on central incisors, it was found that the mean was higher for the SAA on clinical examination. As for the right laterality in the canine guides, it was observed that the clinical examination had a higher interference average in relation to the SAA. The same was true for left laterality, where the mean interference was also higher for the clinical examination. That is, by increasing the values of occlusions in the SAA, the values of occlusions in the clinical examination also increase. As central incisor protrusions between the SAA and clinical examination were moderately positive, there was a strong positive relationship for the right sides and a moderate positive relationship for the left sides. It is concluded that a semi-adjustable articulator is an effective tool for the diagnosis and planning of the dentist, due to its ability to simulate mandibular movements. However, such a tool requires prior knowledge for an ideal assembly for treatment success.

RESUMEN: Este trabajo tuvo como objetivo verificar la efectividad del articulador semi-ajustable (SAA) cuando se compara con un examen clínico de muestras en individuos de acuerdo al número de interferencias oclusales. La investigación se llevó a cabo en FAESA (Universidad Integrada de São Pedro), en la que dos investigadores independientes compararon las interferencias oclusales en los movimientos de protrusión y lateralidad en el examen clínico y en modelos montados en un articulador semiajustable, con carbón de Baush, en 77 pacientes que acudieron a la clínica de graduación. Los datos se tabularon y evaluaron mediante la prueba estadística de Mann-Whitney y la normalidad de los datos se verificó mediante la prueba de Kolmogorov-Smirnov. Al analizar la interferencia de la protrusión en los incisivos centrales, se encontró que la media era mayor para el SAA en el examen clínico. En cuanto a la lateralidad derecha en las guías caninas, se observó que el examen clínico tuvo un promedio de interferencia más alto en relación al SAA. Lo mismo ocurrió con la lateralidad izquierda, donde la interferencia media también fue mayor para el examen clínico. Es decir, al aumentar los valores de oclusiones en el SAA, también aumentan los valores de oclusiones en el examen clínico. Como las protuberancias de los incisivos centrales entre el SAA y el examen clínico fueron moderadamente positivas, hubo una fuerte relación positiva para los lados derechos y una relación positiva moderada para los lados izquierdos. Se concluye que un articulador semi-ajustable es una herramienta eficaz para el diagnóstico y planificación del odontólogo, debido a su capacidad para simular movimientos mandibulares. Sin embargo, tal herramienta requiere conocimientos previos para un montaje ideal para el éxito del tratamiento.

Normatização do teste de função Manual Jebsen-Taylor para população brasileira / Standardization of the Jebsen-Taylor hand Function test for the brazilian population

O objetivo deste estudo foi apresentar dados normativos para o TFMJT para a população brasileira. Participaram do estudo 360 pessoas, entre 06 e 49 anos, divididas em seis grupos por faixa etária, sendo 178 do sexo masculino e 182 do sexo feminino. Os dados foram apresentados separadamente para as diferentes faixas etárias, para sexo masculino e feminino. Os valores referentes às médias e ao desvio padrão foram calculados para cada uma das sete tarefas, considerando mão dominante e mão não dominante. Observou-se desempenho superior para mão dominante, com diferença significante para a soma das sete tarefas, em ambos os sexos (p=0,001). Os resultados obtidos poderão servir de parâmetros de referência para a população brasileira e contribuir para avaliações quantitativas do desempenho manual em programas de avaliação ou reabilitação do membro superior.

The aim of this study was to present normative data for the JTHF for the Brazilian population. Participated 360 individuals between 06 and 49 years old, divided into six groups by age, being 178 males and 182 females. The data were presented separately for the different age groups, for men and women. Values for means and standard deviation were calculated for each of the seven tasks, considering dominant and non-dominant hands. Superior performance was observed for the dominant hand, with a significant difference for the sum of the seven tasks, in both sexes (p = 0.001). The results obtained is a reference parameter for the Brazilian population and contribute to quantitative assessments of manual performance in programs of assessment or rehabilitation of the upper limb.

Horse choanae are directionally asymmetric / Las coanas de los caballos son direccionalmente asimétricas

SUMMARY: Studies related to the upper respiratory pathway asymmetries are still scarce in the veterinary literature. We present here a study of choanae asymmetries of a pure horses belonging to "Cavall Pirinenc Català" (Pyrenean Horse Breed). For this goal, the palates of 23 dry skulls with no apparent pathologies were photographed and evaluated using geometric morphometrics. On each photo, we identified and digitized a total of 26 points (subset of 2 mid-sagittal, 4 paired landmarks (discrete homologous points) and 10 semilandmarks (points on an outline determined by extrinsic criteria) per side on the choana. Both fluctuating and directional asymmetries appeared statistically significant, the latter accounting more than half of the total variation. The lateral bend observed in horse choanae may be due to the asymmetrically positioned nasal passages. So detected equine choana asymmetry must rather be considered functional, with no clinical implication and presents an important consideration when equine choanae shape.

RESUMEN: Los estudios relacionados con las asimetrías de las vías respiratorias superiores aún son escasos en la literatura veterinaria. Presentamos un estudio de coanas asimetrías de un caballo puro perteneciente al "Cavall Pirinenc Català" (Raza del Caballo de los Pirineos). Para ello, se fotografiaron y evaluaron los paladares de 23 cráneos secos sin patologías aparentes mediante morfometría geométrica. En cada foto, identificamos y digitalizamos un total de 26 puntos (subconjunto de 2 puntos medio sagitales, 4 puntos de referencia emparejados (puntos homólogos discretos) y 10 puntos semillanos (puntos en un contorno determinado por criterios extrínsecos) por lado de la coana. Ambos fluctúan Las asimetrías direccionales aparecieron estadísticamente significativas, representando estas últimas más de la mitad de la variación total. La curvatura lateral observada en las coanas de caballo puede deberse a los conductos nasales asimétricamente posicionados. Por lo tanto, la asimetría de coanas equinas detectada debería considerarse funcional, sin implicación clínica y presenta una importante consideración cuando se forman coanas equinas.

Evaluación de la actividad cerebro-cerebelar cruzada para determinar la lateralidad del lenguaje en pacientes con tumores cerebrales / Evaluation of the crossed cerebro-cerebellar activation to determine language lateralization in patients with brain tumors

Background: The crossed cerebro-cerebellar (CCC) activation facilitates the diagnosis of cortical language lateralization, but needs to be explored with language tasks suitable for patients with different age ranges, educational attainment and eventual presence of language deficits. Aim: To determine the effect of demographic variables in the performance of three language tasks in healthy volunteers and to determine the CCC activation of these tasks as a functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) paradigm in brain tumor patients. Material and Methods: The behavioral performance (correct responses and reaction time) of three language tasks (verbal fluency, semantic and phonological decision tasks) was first examined in 76 healthy volunteers balanced by age and educational level. Later, these tasks were implemented as fMRI paradigms to explore CCC language activation of 20 patients with potential diagnosis of brain tumors. Results: The performance of the verbal fluency task was affected by age. The CCC language activation was reproducible with the semantic and phonological tasks. The combination of the tasks determined typical and atypical language lateralization in 60% and 40% of our patients, respectively. Conclusions: The verbal fluency task must be implemented with care as a clinical fMRI paradigm. Our results suggest that semantic and phonological tasks can be a good alternative for brain tumor patients with language deficits.

El entrenamiento de la lateralidad en los fundamentos técnicos-ofensivos de futbolistas sub-12. Validación teórica / Treinamento de lateralidade nos fundamentos técnicos e ofensivos dos jogadores de futebol sub-12. Validação teórica / Laterality training in the technical and offensive fundamentals of U-12 soccer players. Theoretical validation

RESUMEN La lateralidad se considera como el dominio funcional de un lado del cuerpo sobre el otro para la realización de actividades específicas. En el deporte, la lateralidad es potenciada de forma sistemática, dado que el perfeccionamiento de todas las partes del cuerpo infiere ventajas competitivas de alto valor técnico-táctico. El objetivo de esta investigación es validar teóricamente a través de expertos nacionales e internacionales una propuesta de indicadores de lateralidad a tener en cuenta en el entrenamiento de los fundamentos técnico-ofensivos de futbolistas sub-12, evidenciando la importancia que brinda cada indicador en cada grupo de expertos independientes. Esta Investigación es de tipo teórico-descriptiva, de orden correlacional y análisis cualitativo, seleccionado intencionalmente a diez expertos nacionales (Ecuador) e internacionales (España e Italia) para la determinación cuantitativa y cualitativa de indicadores que evalúan la lateralidad. Como parte de los resultados se evidencian diferencias significativas en el indicador lateralidad visual (p=0.000), lateralidad de hombros (p=0.000), lateralidad de cintura (p=0.000), pierna estática (p=0.000), pie director (p=0.043) y pie no director (p=0.000), mientras que en el indicador de pierna dinámica no se presentaron diferencias significativas (p=1.000) entre grupos independientes. los expertos internacionales valoran integralmente todos los indicadores de lateralidad estudiados, brindando un mayor puntaje en total. Por consiguiente, se evidencia la necesidad de realizar un trabajo metodológico en los expertos nacionales en función de mejorar la comprensión sobre la importancia del entrenamiento de la lateralidad en todas sus manifestaciones.

RESUMO A lateralidade é considerada como o domínio funcional de um lado do corpo sobre o outro para o desempenho de atividades específicas. No desporto, a lateralidade é sistematicamente melhorada, uma vez que a melhoria de todas as partes do corpo infere vantagens competitivas de elevado valor técnico-táctico. O objetivo desta investigação é validar teoricamente através de peritos nacionais e internacionais uma proposta de indicadores de lateralidade a ter em conta na formação dos fundamentos técnicos e ofensivos dos jogadores de futebol sub-12, mostrando a importância de cada indicador em cada grupo de peritos independentes. Esta investigação é de tipo teórico-descritivo, de ordem correlacional e análise qualitativa, selecionou intencionalmente dez peritos nacionais (Equador) e internacionais (Espanha e Itália) para a determinação quantitativa e qualitativa de indicadores que avaliam a lateralidade. Como parte dos resultados, são evidenciadas diferenças significativas no indicador visual de lateralidade (p=0,000), lateralidade do ombro (p=0,000), lateralidade da cintura (p=0,000), perna estática (p=0,000), pé direcionador (p=0,043) e pé não direcionador (p=0,043). 000), enquanto que no indicador dinâmico das pernas não houve diferenças significativas (p=1.000) entre grupos independentes. Os peritos internacionais valorizam integralmente todos os indicadores de lateralidade estudados, fornecendo uma pontuação mais elevada no total. Por conseguinte, é evidente a necessidade de realizar um trabalho metodológico nos peritos nacionais, a fim de melhorar a compreensão da importância da formação em lateralidade em todas as suas manifestações.

ABSTRACT Laterality is considered as the functional domain of one side in the body over the other to carry out specific activities. In sport laterality is systematically enhanced, since the improvement of all body parts infers competitive advantages of high technical-tactical value. The objective of this research is to theoretically validate, through national and international experts, a proposal of laterality indicators to be taken into account in the training of the technical-offensive foundations of U-12 soccer players, evidencing the importance of each indicators in each group of independent experts. This is a theoretical-descriptive research of correlational order and qualitative analysis, intentionally selected 10 national experts (Ecuador) and 10 international experts (Spain and Italy) for the quantitative and qualitative determination of indicators that evaluate laterality. There are significant differences in indicator Visual Laterality (p = 0.000), Shoulder Laterality (p = 0.000), Waist Laterality (p = 0.000), Static Leg (p = 0.000), Director Foot (p = 0.043) and Non-director Foot (p = 0.000), while in the Dynamic Leg indicator there were no significant differences (p = 1.000) between independent groups. International experts comprehensively assess all the laterality indicators studied, providing a higher total score. Consequently, the need to carry out methodological work in national experts in order to improve understanding of laterality training importance in all its manifestations is evident.

Papel pronóstico de factores asociados con lesión isquémica de la circulación anterior: estudio de cohorte / Prognosis role of factors associated with anterior circulation stroke: a cohort study

RESUMEN INTRODUCCIÓN: La enfermedad cerebrovascular constituye un problema de salud pública. Esta entidad representa una importante causa de discapacidad permanente en el adulto, además de tener impacto social, económico y sanitario. Los altos costos que demanda la atención sanitaria desde su momento diagnóstico, el manejo inicial del evento y la posterior rehabilitación-paliación de las secuelas, obligan al conocimiento de características del individuo y factores pronósticos. Esto como insumo de planificación de servicios de prevención para personas en riesgo y atención de pacientes con ataque cerebrovascular. OBJETIVO: Identificar el papel pronóstico que tienen algunos factores asociados con la lesión isquémica, con respecto al grado de discapacidad y mortalidad en el infarto cerebral de la circulación anterior. METODOLOGÍA: Estudio observacional analítico, prospectivo de cohorte, con un análisis anidado de casos y controles. Se identificó la escala del National Institute of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS) para determinar el compromiso neurológico al ingreso. A los tres meses del evento, se obtuvo la escala Rankin modificado (mRS, variable dependiente) en busca de discapacidad residual y mortalidad; se consideraron casos los mRS desfavorables (puntajes: 3, 4, 5 y 6), y controles los mRS favorables (puntajes: 0, 1, 2). RESULTADOS: Se incluyeron 93 pacientes con ACV-i de circulación anterior; la mediana para la edad fue 67 años RIC (57-76); el NIHSS más frecuente fue moderado (50 pacientes, 53,8 %) y la mediana de tiempo transcurrido para el inicio de manejo médico fue de 5 horas RIC (3-24 horas). La identificación de la etiología del ACVi fue posible en 33 pacientes (35,5 %, más frecuente el cardioembólico). Luego de 90 días del ACVi, la clasificación mRS más frecuente fue de tres puntos "moderado" (22 pacientes, 23,7 %) y la mortalidad fue de siete pacientes (7,5 %). En el análisis bivariado la ubicación del infarto en el hemisferio izquierdo fue una variable desfavorable en términos de discapacidad a los tres meses en comparación con el hemisferio derecho (OR: 2,51; IC 95 %: 1,06 - 5,9; p = 0,03). CONCLUSIONES: La población de estudio fue predominantemente de sexo masculino, con una limitación funcional moderada (NIHSS 5-15) al ingreso a urgencias. Tres meses después del evento, la mayoría de los pacientes cursó con movilidad reducida, algún compromiso de las funciones mentales, pero esencialmente independientes en su vida diaria. La lesión del hemisferio izquierdo se comportó como un factor de mal pronóstico en la recuperación funcional de los pacientes.

SUMMARY INTRODUCTION: Cerebrovascular disease constitutes a public health problem. This entity represents an important cause of permanent disability in adults, social, economic and health impact as well. The high costs demanded by health care from the moment of diagnosis, initial management of the event, and subsequent rehabilitation-palliation of the sequelae, requires knowledge of population characteristics and possible prognostic factors. This can be useful as an input for planning prevention services for people at risk and care of stroke patients. OBJECTIVE: To identify the prognostic role that some factors associated with the ischemic lesion have regarding the degree of disability and mortality, in the cerebral infarction of the anterior circulation. Methods: Observational, analytical, prospective cohort study was performed, with a nested case-control analysis. Neurological involvement was measured at admission with the NIHSS scale. At three months post-event, the modified Rankin scale (mRS: dependent variable) was measured, pursuing residual disability and mortality; cases: patient with unfavorable mRS score (score: 3, 4, 5, 6); controls: patient with favorable mRS score (score: 0, 1, 2). RESULTS: 93 patients with diagnosis of ischemic stroke of anterior circulation were included. Median age was 67 years RIQ (57-76); most frequent NIHSS was moderate (50; 53.8 %) and the median evolution time to medical management was 5 hours RIQ (3-24 hours). Etiology was identified in 33 patients (35.5 %, cardio-embolic the most). After 90 days since ischemic injury, most frequent mRS was "3: moderate" (22; 23.7 %) and 7 (7.5 %) patients died. Bivariate analysis identified left hemisphere stroke as an unfavorable variable in terms of disability at three months compared to the right hemisphere (OR 2.51, 95 % CI 1.06-5.9, p = 0.03). CONCLUSIONS: The population with ischemic stroke was predominantly males with multiple comorbidities, with a moderate neurological compromise on admission (NIHSS score: 5-15). After three months post event, patients were predominantly with reduced mobility, some mental functions affection, but essentially independent in activities of daily living. The involvement of left hemisphere is projected as poor prognostic factor in the functional recovery of our patients.

EEG-controlled functional electrical stimulation rehabilitation for chronic stroke: system design and clinical application / 医学前沿

Stroke is one of the most serious diseases that threaten human life and health. It is a major cause of death and disability in the clinic. New strategies for motor rehabilitation after stroke are undergoing exploration. We aimed to develop a novel artificial neural rehabilitation system, which integrates brain-computer interface (BCI) and functional electrical stimulation (FES) technologies, for limb motor function recovery after stroke. We conducted clinical trials (including controlled trials) in 32 patients with chronic stroke. Patients were randomly divided into the BCI-FES group and the neuromuscular electrical stimulation (NMES) group. The changes in outcome measures during intervention were compared between groups, and the trends of ERD values based on EEG were analyzed for BCI-FES group. Results showed that the increase in Fugl Meyer Assessment of the Upper Extremity (FMA-UE) and Kendall Manual Muscle Testing (Kendall MMT) scores of the BCI-FES group was significantly higher than that in the sham group, which indicated the practicality and superiority of the BCI-FES system in clinical practice. The change in the laterality coefficient (LC) values based on μ-ERD (ΔLC

Patrón de lateralidad en jugadores masculinos de baloncesto, reservas escolares y juveniles de La Habana / Padrão de lateralidade em jogadores masculinos de basquetebol, reservas escolares e juvenis em Havana / Pattern of laterality in male basketball players, school and youth reserves in Havana

Resumen El baloncesto es un deporte de conjunto, clasificado como un juego con pelota, se practica en dos modalidades: 3 vs. 3 o 5 vs. 5. Las exigencias de la actividad competitiva obligan, cada vez más, a perfeccionar la preparación y entrenar atendiendo a las individualidades de los basquetbolistas para integrar un equipo ganador. En la etapa escolar y juvenil, se consolidan los aspectos técnicos para contribuir a lograr mejores resultados en la etapa de maestría deportiva. El objetivo fue diagnosticar los patrones de lateralidad predominantes en estos atletas, reservas escolares y juveniles del equipo de baloncesto masculino de La Habana, lo que permitió determinar fortalezas y debilidades motoras por constitución genética. Se utilizaron métodos de nivel teórico y empírico como la encuesta, revisión de documentos y la medición al total de integrantes del equipo investigado. Como resultados se obtuvo que nueve atletas presentan patrón de lateralidad homogéneo y siete son cruzados lo que permitirá contribuir a optimizar la preparación técnica.

Resumo O basquetebol é um desporto de equipa, classificado como um jogo de bola, praticado em duas modalidades; 3vs3 ou 5vs5. As exigências da atividade competitiva obrigam cada vez mais a melhorar a preparação e o treino de atendimento às individualidades dos jogadores de basquetebol para integrar uma equipa vencedora. Na fase escolar e juvenil, os aspectos técnicos são consolidados para contribuir para a obtenção de melhores resultados na fase de mestrado desportivo. O nosso objectivo era diagnosticar e caracterizar os padrões de lateralidade predominantes nestes atletas de reserva e escolares da equipa de basquetebol masculino de Havana, o que nos permitiu determinar as forças e fraquezas motoras devido à composição genética. Foram utilizados métodos teóricos e empíricos, tais como o inquérito, revisão de documentos e medição do total de membros da equipa pesquisada. Como resultados, obtivemos que nove atletas têm um padrão de lateralidade homogéneo e sete são cruzados, o que irá ajudar a otimizar a preparação técnica.

Abstract Basketball is a team sport, classified as a ball game, practiced in two modalities; 3 vs. 3 or 5 vs. 5. The demands of competitive activity force more and more to improve the preparation and train attending to the individualities of the basketball players to integrate a winning team. In the school and youth stage the technical aspects are consolidated to contribute to achieving better results in the sports master stage. The objective was to diagnose the predominant laterality patterns in these reserve and school athletes of the Havana Men's basketball team, which allowed us to determine motor strengths and weaknesses due to genetic makeup. Theoretical and empirical level methods such as the survey, document review and measurement of the total members of the researched team were used. As results, we obtained that nine athletes have a homogeneous laterality pattern and seven are crossed, which will help to optimize technical preparation.

Análise da Lateralidade e Destreza Manual em Crianças com Transtorno do Espectro Autista / Analysis of Laterality and Manual Dexterity in Children with Autistic Spectrum Disorder

RESUMO: Este estudo teve como objetivo analisar a lateralidade e a destreza manual em crianças com Transtorno do Espectro Autista (TEA). Do ponto de vista da motricidade humana, a lateralidade contribui para o processo de maturação motora. Figura-se entre as principais características do autismo o atraso nas habilidades motoras grossas e finas, com piora progressiva no quadro. Analisar o nível de lateralidade do indivíduo com TEA torna-se importante por possibilitar uma direção na intervenção motora com o intuito de melhorar a funcionalidade do autista e sua qualidade de vida. A amostra deste estudo foi composta por oito crianças, alunos de uma instituição de ensino pública, do sexo masculino, com idade média de 8,75±1,83 anos e diagnosticadas com TEA com base no DSM-V. Os resultados mostraram que os participantes do estudo parecem apresentar lateralidade destra e, também, melhor desempenho com a mão preferida em uma tarefa de destreza manual. Observou-se que, na tarefa que exigiu maior atenção e destreza, a diferença no desempenho das mãos foi significativa. Já na tarefa com menor demanda atencional e de destreza manual, o desempenho entre as mãos não foi significante, porém foi nesse momento que foram observados os maiores erros na execução. A motivação pode ser uma variável fundamental para o desempenho motor em tarefas que avaliam o tempo de execução. É importante uma maior ênfase no desenvolvimento da motricidade desses indivíduos durante a fase escolar para diminuir as dificuldades motoras e, consequentemente, melhorar a qualidade de vida, sensação de bem-estar, autonomia e interação social.

ABSTRACT: This study aimed to analyze laterality and manual dexterity in children with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD). From the point of view of human motor skills, laterality contributes to the motor maturation process. Among the main characteristics of autism is the delay in gross and fine motor skills, with progressive worsening in the condition. Analyzing the level of laterality of the individual with ASD becomes important because it allows a direction in the motor intervention in order to improve the functionality and quality of life of the autistic person. The sample of this study was composed of eight children, students of a public education institution, male, with an average age of 8.75 ± 1.83 years old and diagnosed with ASD based on the DSM-V. The results showed that the study participants seem to have right handedness and also better performance with the preferred hand in a manual dexterity task. It was observed that, in the task that demanded more attention and dexterity, the difference in hand performance was significant. In the task with the lowest attentional demand and manual dexterity, the performance between the hands was not significant; however, it was at that moment that the biggest mistakes in execution were observed. Motivation can be a fundamental variable for motor performance in tasks that assess execution time. It is important to emphasize the development of the motor skills of these individuals during the school phase to reduce motor difficulties and, consequently, improve quality of life, sense of well-being, autonomy and social interaction.

Trends of breast tumour laterality and age-wise incidence rates in North Indian population

Background: The breast is a paired organ. The two breasts share many of the risk factors known to contribute to the development of cancer genetics, environmental exposure, diet, and estrogen exposure, etc. By studying differences in the occurrence of breast cancer between the left and right breast, we can control for these common risk factors. Previous studies of breast cancer asymmetry have established that the laterality ratio is greater than 1.0 in women.Methods: We have taken 420 total cases to study the breast tumour laterality in women and age wise incidence of carcinoma breast in northern India. The study included all consecutive adult patients with histologically confirmed breast cancer, either invasive or carcinoma in situ. Multiple cancers were defined as two or more primary cancers occurring in an individual that were not an extension, recurrence, or metastasis. Based on the chronology of presentation, they were categorized as synchronous or metachronous primaries.Results: Out of 420 cases of breast cancer it was seen that 193 patients i.e. 45.95% of women under observation had left sided breast tumour, 225 patients i.e. 53.57% of women had right sided breast tumour and only 2 patients i.e. 0.48% patients had bilateral lesions in the breast.Conclusions: This result suggests the possible role of estrogen hormone in the reversed lateralization of breast cancer in comparison to other paired organ cancers in post-menopausal women suggesting that North Indian population has higher incidence of right sided breast cancer.

A prospective observational study to determine the utility of placental laterality for prediction of preeclampsia in pregnancy

Background: Preeclampsia is a multisystem disorder of unknown aetiology and recently its link with placental laterality has been explored. The objective of this study was to find the association of placental laterality with maternal and fetal outcomes in pregnancy. Study also determined the predictive ability of placenta laterality for the development of hypertension in pregnancy.Methods: A prospective observational cohort study was conducted on 200 pregnant women. Routine investigations and doppler analysis were done. Placenta position was categorized into central and lateral. Maternal and fetal outcomes were recorded. The data was entered in MS excel spreadsheet and analysis was done using statistical package for social sciences (SPSS) version 21.0. A p value of < 0.05 was considered statistically significant.Results: Study found no significant association of placental laterality with hypertension in pregnancy. Various fetal complications, birth weight, Apgar scores and NICU admission were comparable among women with central or lateral placenta (p > 0.05). Even the maternal outcomes like mode of delivery, onset of labor, indication of labor induction and caesarean deliveries were comparable among women with central or lateral placenta (p > 0.05). On applying univariate logistic regression analysis, previous history of hypertension in pregnancy was a significant risk factor for development of preeclampsia with odds ratio of 168.43 (p < 0.05).Conclusions: It can be concluded that the maternal and fetal outcomes are independent of the placenta laterality. The doppler characteristics and placenta laterality did not show any increased risk for hypertension in pregnancy. However future studies are recommended with large sample size including more women with diagnosed hypertension in the pregnancy so that a better association can be derived with placenta laterality and doppler characteristics.

The relationship of surgeon handedness and experience on operative duration and hearing improvement in ipsilateral and contralateral otologic surgeries

@#Objective: To determine the relationship of the surgeon handedness and operative site laterality on operative duration and hearing improvement in otologic surgery, and to further explore whether this relationship may be related to surgeon experience. Methods: Design: Retrospective Cohort Setting: Tertiary Private Teaching Hospital Participants: Seventy-three (73) patients aged 18 to 65 years old who underwent primary ear surgery under general anesthesia between January 2016 and December 2019 were retrospectively divided into two groups: 39 contralateral and 34 ipsilateral. The operative durations and hearing improvements were compared using independent t-tests, with consideration of surgeon experience in years further stratifying patients. Results: There was no significant difference in operative duration, t(71) = 1.14, p = .26, between the contralateral (M = 281.95 minutes, SD = 71.82) and ipsilateral (M = 261.15, SD = 79.26) groups. This same pattern was more pronounced among surgeons with 10+ years of experience although there was also no significant difference in operative time, t(33) = 1.31, p = .19 for both ipsilateral and contralateral surgeries There was no statistically significant difference, t(36) = -0.72, p = .47, in overall mean hearing gain among patients in the contralateral (M = +2.22 dB, SD = 10.54) and ipsilateral (M = +5.12 dB, SD = 14.26) groups. Although the difference was also not statistically significant, t(16) = -1.94, p = .07 for contralateral (M = 0.00, SD = 5.43) and ipsilateral (M = +7.95 dB, SD = 11.52) procedures performed by surgeons with experience of 10 years or more, a mean hearing gain of +7 dB in the ipsilateral group compared to 0 dB in the contralateral group was notable. Conclusion: This study did not prove that regardless of surgeon experience, right-handed surgeons operating on the right ear and left-handed surgeons operating on the left ear have better ear surgery outcomes of operative duration and hearing improvement compared to right- handed surgeons operating on the left ear and left-handed surgeons operating on the right ear. Future studies on larger samples with more complete data may yet demonstrate this effect.

SHELL Part of Nucleus Accumbens and Its Laterality Has Important Role in Response to Chronic Stress in Female Rats

Abstract The nucleus accumbens shell (NAcSh) plays a role in appetitive and negative motivation with sex differences in responses. NAcSh and its laterality in metabolic and hormonal responses to chronic stress in female rats is evaluated via transient inactivation of this nucleus during stress induction. Animals in the stress groups received consecutive stress for four days and transient inactivation of NAcSh was performed by administrating lidocaine (0.2%) unilaterally or bilaterally in the nucleus for five minutes before electric foot shock induction. After stress termination, food and water intake, latency to eat, plasma glucose, corticosterone, estradiol and progesterone were measured in all groups. Results showed that stress increased food intake and blood glucose level, but there were no change in the latency to eat and the amount of water intake. The right side, the left side, and both sides of NAcSh may be dominant in latency to eat, food intake, and both water intake and plasma glucose level, respectively. Although chronic stress included no changes for corticosterone and progesterone, it increased estradiol level in plasma. Also, bilateral and right sides of NAcSh may have modulatory effects on stress in corticosterone and progesterone, respectively, without affecting estradiol. It can be concluded that the NAc shell plays a pivotal role in metabolic and hormonal responses to chronic stress in a laterality manner in female rats.

Alteraciones en estudiantes y profesionales zurdos de la Estomatología debido a la lateralidad forzada / Alterations in students and left-handed professionals of Dentistry due to forced laterality

RESUMEN Fundamento: en Cuba los sillones estomatológicos están diseñados para los diestros, por lo que los estudiantes zurdos (los cuales han aumentado en número en la provincia de Cienfuegos) deben cambiar su lateralidad sin tener en cuenta su dominancia cerebral, lo cual podría afectar su desempeño, pues la práctica estomatológica depende en gran medida de las habilidades manuales. Objetivo: determinar alteraciones debido a la lateralidad forzada en estudiantes y profesionales zurdos de Estomatología. Métodos: estudio descriptivo retrospectivo realizado en la provincia de Cienfuegos en el periodo comprendido septiembre de 2017 hasta junio del 2018. Fueron incluidos 49 zurdos (17 estudiantes de 4to y 5to año y 32 graduados) Las variables fueron: sexo, lateralidad, habilidades prácticas, alteraciones por lateralidad forzada, especialidades estomatológicas, años de trabajo. Resultados: 55,10 % fueron del sexo femenino; el 55,10 % manifestó lateralidad cruzada; 100 % percibió la mejoría de sus habilidades prácticas en el 8vo semestre. Entre las alteraciones se encontraron el dolor muscular (69,38 %) principalmente en la mano, región cervical y espalda, de ellos, 51,02 % son Estomatólogos Generales Integrales. Los dolores aumentaron con los años de trabajo, además de sentimientos de inseguridad (79,60 %), ansiedad (89,80 %), y miedo (91,84 %). El 34,69 % no presentó ningún síntoma doloroso, de ellos 20, 40 % hombres. Estuvieron vinculados a las especialidades de ortodoncia, cirugía maxilofacial, prótesis, administrativos y docentes. Conclusiones: la lateralidad forzada influyó en la adquisición de las habilidades prácticas, así como en el desarrollo de alteraciones en estudiantes y profesionales de la estomatología.

ABSTRACT Foundation: in Cuba, dental chairs are designed for right-handed, so left-handed students (who have increased by number in the province of Cienfuegos) should change their laterality without taking into account yjeir brain dominance, which could affect their performance, as dental practice depends largely on manual skills. Objective: to determine alterations due to forced laterality in left-handed students and dentistry professionals. Methods: retrospective descriptive study conducted in the Cienfuegos province in the period from September 2017 to June 2018. A number of 49 left-handers were included (17 students of 4th and 5th year and 32 graduates) The variables were: sex, laterality, practical skills, alterations due to forced laterality, dental specialties, years of work. Results: 55.10% were female; 55.10% reported cross laterality; 100% perceived the improvement of their skill practices in the 8th semester. Among the alterations were muscle pain (69.38%) mainly in the hand, cervical region and back, out of them, 51.02% are Comprehensive General Dentists. Pains increased with years of work, in addition feelings of insecurity (79.60%), anxiety (89.80%), and fear (91.84%). A 34.69% did not show any painful symptoms, from them 20, 40% men. They were from orthodontics, maxillofacial surgery, prostheses, administrative and professors.